What is orthodontics? Questions about braces
Crooked teeth are not just a cosmetic issue. The aims and options of orthodontic treatment, and the right timing for children.
Updated: 9 November 2026 · 1 min read
Orthodontics is the branch of dentistry that diagnoses and treats irregularities in how the teeth are lined up and mismatches between the upper and lower jaws.
Why should crooked teeth be treated?
The spaces between overlapping teeth are hard to clean, which raises the risk of decay and gum disease. Some bite problems can cause uneven wear, difficulty chewing and strain on the jaw joint. The look of the smile is, of course, an important reason too.
When should a child first be checked?
An evaluation around age 7 is recommended. Not every child starts treatment at this age, but some jaw growth problems can be guided with simpler methods when caught early, using the growth period. Space maintainers after early loss of baby teeth also help permanent teeth come in properly.
Can adults wear braces?
Yes. Orthodontic treatment is possible for adults whose teeth and gums are healthy enough. Any gum disease must be treated first. Ceramic brackets and, in suitable cases, clear aligners are less noticeable options.
How long does treatment take?
It depends on the type and severity of the problem. After active treatment comes the retention phase, which keeps the teeth from moving back; this phase is just as important as active treatment.
Care during treatment
Plaque tends to build up around braces. An orthodontic brush, an interdental brush and regular check-ups help prevent white spots on the teeth at the end of treatment.
For details, see our orthodontics page.
This article is for general information and does not replace an examination. The treatment that suits you is decided by your dentist after an examination.
