What is bruxism? Signs and treatment of night-time teeth clenching

Bruxism is the involuntary clenching or grinding of the teeth. Because most people do it in their sleep, they are not aware of it; it is usually noticed through grinding a partner hears, or wear the dentist sees at an exam.

Why does bruxism happen?

There is no single cause. Stress and anxiety are the factors most often linked to it. Sleep disorders (especially snoring and sleep apnea), some medicines, heavy caffeine and alcohol use and smoking can also raise the risk. In children, grinding while they have baby teeth is often part of development and fades on its own.

What are the signs?

• Fatigue or pain in the jaw and temples in the morning,
• Headache on waking,
• Flattened, worn or chipped teeth,
• Increased sensitivity to cold,
• Clicking in the jaw joint, difficulty opening the mouth,
• Fillings and crowns that keep breaking.

What happens if it is not treated?

Long-term clenching wears down the enamel and leads to cracks and sensitivity. The jaw joint and chewing muscles are strained. The lifespan of treatments such as veneers, crowns and implants can also be affected.

How is it treated?

There is no definitive “cure” for bruxism; the aim is to protect the teeth and reduce the symptoms. The most common method is a clear night guard made from an impression of your mouth. Noticing the clenching habit during the day, managing stress, a regular sleep routine and less caffeine are also recommended. Worn teeth can be restored with fillings or crowns.

For more detail and the treatment process, read our bruxism treatment page. If you have symptoms, we recommend a check-up at our practice in Tavşantepe, Pendik.